Lack of antioxidants may take the spring in your step away

I found out that why i always sleepy even i sleep early sometime i just few very tired and just wanted to sleep. this make me take more stuff with antioxidants with it. even fish that have less antioxidant there muscle are thiner and weak. Not only human any living thing need antioxidant which is important for my body. Now i know that without antioxidant i can be sleepy and not concentrated on my work which is bad for my grade so now i need to sleep early and eat breakfast which is a important meal for my body and has antioxidant.

These are the website i took the information off of http://www.ebiologynews.com/3773.html


Theses are the some of the picture of antioxidant and food that contains it.

Rosemary Chicken Protects Your Brain From Free Radicals

Im diong a report on how rosemary can be good for your brain. Rosemary protect your

brain from radical that can damage your brain. There a ingrediant in rosemary known as

carnosic acid that prevent you having stroke and neurodegeneration. also it can prevent you

from some bad effect on your normal aging brain which is bad. Rosemary came from a shrubby

evergreen bush and according to folklore it takesthe name from the Virgin Mary . Who draped

her cloak on the bush placing a white flower on top of the cloak which By the following morning,

the flower had turned blue and thereafter the plant was known as the “Rose of Mary.”

Rosemary are found in the Alps during the Middle Ages, has became part of European folk

medicine, and was thought to help the nervous system and ward off sickness. Until now exact

chemical pathways involved in its helpful effects have remained unknown to us till now. So i

hope you like reading what i wrote for this biology news.

i found this article from this website http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071030102210.htm

snail lab

today in biology i learn that snial are creature of instinct. when we put vinager on it, it got hurt which tell us it has a nerve organ and can feel pain like us. we tested it with different thing like what it will do and how it will get across the tiny class. we also learn that they are intellegent sincewhen they see food they go reach for it and when they sence danger they hide in there shell. the shell protect them since they are very weak in the inside which they have no cytoskeleton. they reproduce asexually since they have no female or male. that i learn today in the snial reserch lab. i enjoy it very much!

Predation Linked To Evolution, Study Suggests

Science Daily — The fossil record seems to indicate that the diversity of marine creatures increased and decreased over hundreds of millions of years in step with predator-prey encounters, Virginia Tech geoscientists report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.
Modern and ancient predators leave easy to identify marks on the shells of their prey, such as clean, round holes. (Credit: John Warren Huntley)
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For decades, there has been a debate between paleontologists, biologists, and ecologists on the role of ecological interactions, such as predation, in the long term patterns of animal evolution.
John Warren Huntley, a postdoctoral scientist in the Department of Geosciences at Virginia Tech, and Geosciences Professor Micha³ Kowalewski decided to look at the importance of ecology by surveying the literature for incidents of predation in marine invertebrates, such as clams and their relatives.
"Today, certain predators leave easy to identify marks on the shells of their prey, such as clean, round holes," said Huntley. "Such holes drilled by predators can also be found in fossil shells."
The researchers also looked for repair scars on the shells of creatures that survived an attack.
The study was conducted by looking at studies which reported the frequency of drill holes and repair scars in fossil species from the last 550 million years.
First Huntley and Kowalewski found that predation increased notably about 480 million years ago, some 50 million years earlier than previous studies have found. "The earlier studies were based on changes in morphology -- predators with stronger claws and jaws and prey with more ornamented shells. We looked at the frequency of attacks, which increased about 50 million years before the changes in armor," said Huntley.
But the most notable discovery is the observation that the incidence of drill holes and repair scars are strikingly parallel to Sepkoski's diversity curve for marine invertebrates. This diversity curve, compiled by the late Jack Sepkoski of the University of Chicago, records the origination and extinction of marine animal genera through the last 540 million years (Phanerozoic). "There is a strong correlation between predation intensity and global marine biodiversity in the Phanerozoic," Huntley said.
In their article, "Strong Coupling of Predation Intensity and Diversity in the Phanerozoic Fossil Record," the researchers offer three rival hypotheses to explain the correlation. "It's the classic problem with interpreting a correlation," said Huntley "you have to be careful when ascribing a cause. Let's say factors X and Y are correlated. A change in X could cause a change in Y, a change in Y could cause a change in X, or X and Y could both be controlled by another factor."
The first hypothesis is that predation intensity could be driving diversity. "In this case, ecological interactions would matter in evolution," said Huntley. "Organisms evolve over the long term in response to their enemies, and with increased predation intensity more species evolve."
The second hypothesis is that as biodiversity increased, by chance predators with more complex feeding strategies evolved. "Predatory techniques like drilling and peeling shells are more evolutionarily-derived than more primitive forms of predation like whole ingestion. In this scenario you would expect to evolve sophisticated forms of predation only when diversity is high," said Huntley.
And the third hypothesis is that something else is driving both predation and biodiversity. "Some periods have more sedimentary rocks, and therefore more fossils, preserved than others," said Huntley. "There is less diversity to be observed when there are fewer fossils to study. Perhaps this sampling bias affects our ability to find samples with high predation intensities as well."
"Now we will try to pick this apart," said Huntley. "We can test these hypotheses by examining relevant linkages between predation intensity and diversity in modern oceanic environments. Also, understanding the true nature of Sepkoski's curve will help us interpret our findings. Is it biological? Is it the product of uneven sampling?"

Fire Ants Killing Baby Song Birds At High Rates

Science Daily — Red imported fire ants may be killing as many as a fifth of baby song birds before they leave the nest, according to research recently completed at Texas A&M University.
A young, white-eyed vireo lies in its nest. (Credit: Photo by Andy Campomizzi, the Texas A&M University Institute of Renewable Natural Resources)
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Andy Campomizzi, graduate research assistant in the department of wildlife and fisheries sciences, studied black-capped vireos and white-eyed vireos in Coryell County over a span of two years Campomizzi kept records on a total of 72 nests of both species. Of the nests where there was no pesticide treatment, only 10 percent of the young birds fledged and were able to leave the nests. Of the nests with treatment to protect them from fire ants, 32 percent fledged. Nearly 70 percent are lost to other causes, and fire ants knocked the survival rate down an additional 22 percent.
"That was a bigger difference than we thought it would be," he said. "Fire ants were definitely a mortality factor for song birds."
The black-capped vireo – which breeds only in the Edwards Plateau of Texas, a couple of areas in Oklahoma and northern Mexico – is an endangered species. The white-eyed vireo is found more extensively throughout the southeastern U.S. and is not endangered.
In his research, Campomizzi would find nests with eggs and attach Arinix – a nylon plastic cable wrap developed for use in protecting electrical equipment from fire ants – around branches. Some of the wraps were permeated with permethrin insecticide and some not.
A sticky insect trap coating was applied to the branch on the limbs with the insecticide, so the ants could not get around the trap to the nest, he explained. Nests were isolated so access was limited to one or two routes for the fire ants, he said.
He checked the nests every three or four days. He counted the nest as a success if the adults could raise at least one of their young until it could fly out of the nest, which takes about 10 to 12 days from hatching.
Campomizzi believes fire ant predation may occur among any song bird species, although mortality rates would vary depending upon local populations of the red imported fire ant and how close to the ground the birds were nesting.
Management for black-capped vireos is ongoing on both public and private land, he said.
"Current management includes providing breeding habitat and removing brownheaded cowbirds, a brood parasite," Campomizzi said.
Land managers interested in improving black-capped vireo habitat may want to consider managing fire ants around nesting areas to increase the chances that they can successfully raise their young. This will perhaps contribute to the species' recovery from being endangered, he said..
The research was funded by the Texas A&M Institute of Renewable Natural Resources.